In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations and formula sheet of CFA Level II exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code. Topics include QUANTITATIVE METHODS, such as LINEAR REGRESSION, MULTIPLE REGRESSION, TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Machine Learning, ECONOMICS, Exchange rate, Covered interest rate parity, Uncovered interest rate parity, Relative purchasing power parity, Fisher and international Fisher effects, FX carry trade, Mundell-Fleming model, ECONOMIC GROWTH, Growth accounting equation, Labor productivity growth accounting equation, Classical growth model (Malthusian model), Neoclassical growth model (Solow’s model), Endogenous growth model, Convergence, ECONOMICS OF REGULATION. The data source of this blog is summarized from WILEY’S CFA PROGRAM LEVEL II quicksheet.

Most recently I read Isaac Asimov's science fiction novels and know about his famous "Three Laws of Robotics" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Laws_of_Robotics). But I am not so convinced by his first rule "A robot may not injure a human being", especially when AI reaches status of Artificial General intelligence (AGI) or even Artificial Super intelligence (ASI). What if in the near future, among a group of AIs, some of them follow this no-harm rule but the rest don't? I am curious about what's the probability these AIs reach a consensus to start harming people? I would like to build some mathmetical/probability/simulation models to best fit the scenario and calculate the probability. Any thoughts or discussion will be very welcome.

In this blog, we will give you a brief introduction to AgentBoard, an open source AI agent visualization toolkit which can be used the same way as Tensorboard, which helps visaulize Tensors data during model training. AgentBoard aims to visualize key elements and information of AI Agents running loops in development and production stages of real-world scenarios. It provides easy logging APIs in python and can help log multiple data types such as text (prompt), tools use (function calling of LLM API), image, audio and video. With organized logging schemas, agentboard will visualize the agent-loop (PLAN -> ACT -> REFLECT -> REACT etc ), RAG (Retrieval Augumented Generation), Autonomous Agents running, Multi-Agents orchestration, etc. The rest of the blog will cover the basic data types usage, visualization of Agent Loop, Chat History, Tool Use, Functions Calling, RAG, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for basic calculus formulas, including Limits, Differentiation and Integration. For integration formulas, we will cover the topic as standard form of integration, integration of 1/x, ln(x), Exponential e^{ax}, xe^{ax}, Integration by Parts, Differentiation of an Integral, Dirac Delta Function, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for basic calculus formulas, including Limits, Differentiation and Integration. For limits formulas, we will cover sections including: L'Hospital Rule, Limits of Power, Limits of xln(x), Limits of x^{n}/n!. For differentiation formulas, we will cover Differentiation of Polynomial Function, Chain Rule for Differentiation, Differentiation of Multiplication, Differentiation of Division, Differentiation of Trigonometric formulas (sin, cos, tan, sec), and Differentiation of Hyperbolic formulas (sinh, cosh, tanh, sech, coth, cosech).

Most recently I read Isaac Asimov's science fiction novels and know about his famous "Three Laws of Robotics" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Laws_of_Robotics). But I am not so convinced by his first rule "A robot may not injure a human being", especially when AI reaches status of Artificial General intelligence (AGI) or even Artificial Super intelligence (ASI). What if in the near future, among a group of AIs, some of them follow this no-harm rule but the rest don't? I am curious about what's the probability these AIs reach a consensus to start harming people? I would like to build some mathmetical/probability/simulation models to best fit the scenario and calculate the probability. Any thoughts or discussion will be very welcome.

In this blog, we will introduce most popuplar formulas in thermodynamics, Physics. We will also provide latex code of the equations. Topics include thermodynamics, heat capacity, conservation of energy, nernst's law, maxwell relations, adiabatic processes, isobaric processes, throttle processes, The Carnot Cycle, phase transitions, thermodynamic potential, ideal mixtures, thermodynamics statistical basis, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations of CFA Level I exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code, and provide Chatbot as AI Assistant to facilitate your reading. You can ask question like what is "Real GDP" in the chatbox. Topics in the blog include three major parts of CFA Level I exam: QUANTITATIVE, ECONOMICS and FINANCIAL REPORTING. Detailed topics include THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY, Future Value, Present Value, Effective Annual Rate, Continuous Compounding, Ordinary Annuity, Annuity Due, Perpetuity, STATISTICAL CONCEPT AND MARKET RETURNS, Fisher Skewness, Kurtosis, Two-asset portfolio, Three-asset portfolio, Microeconomics, Simple Interest, Effective Rate, Future Value of Ordinary Annuities, Annuities Due, Present Value of Ordinary Annuities, Allocative Efficiency Condition, Average Fixed Cost; Macroeconomics Investment, Aggregate Expenditure Without Government or Foreign Sectors, Marginal Propensity to Consume MPC, Marginal Propensity Save MPS, Sum of Marginal Propensity to Save and Marginal Propensity to Consume, Autonomous Spending Multiplier, Balanced Budget Multiplier, Banks Reserve Ratio, Nominal Interest Rate, Real GDP, Real Interest Rate, Tax Multiplier, Unemployment Rate. FINANCIAL REPORTING and ANALYSIS, Basic EPS, Diluted EPS, Balance Sheet, Free Cash Flow to the Firm, Cash Flow Performance Ratio, Cash Flow To Revenue Ratio, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Equity, Activity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, Days of Inventory On Hand (DOH), Receivables Turnover, Days of Sales Outstanding, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations and formula sheet of CFA Level II exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code. Topics include QUANTITATIVE METHODS, such as LINEAR REGRESSION, MULTIPLE REGRESSION, TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Machine Learning, ECONOMICS, Exchange rate, Covered interest rate parity, Uncovered interest rate parity, Relative purchasing power parity, Fisher and international Fisher effects, FX carry trade, Mundell-Fleming model, ECONOMIC GROWTH, Growth accounting equation, Labor productivity growth accounting equation, Classical growth model (Malthusian model), Neoclassical growth model (Solow’s model), Endogenous growth model, Convergence, ECONOMICS OF REGULATION. The data source of this blog is summarized from WILEY’S CFA PROGRAM LEVEL II quicksheet.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations of CFA Level I exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code, and provide Chatbot as AI Assistant to facilitate your reading. You can ask question like what is "Real GDP" in the chatbox. Topics in the blog include three major parts of CFA Level I exam: QUANTITATIVE, ECONOMICS and FINANCIAL REPORTING. Detailed topics include THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY, Future Value, Present Value, Effective Annual Rate, Continuous Compounding, Ordinary Annuity, Annuity Due, Perpetuity, STATISTICAL CONCEPT AND MARKET RETURNS, Fisher Skewness, Kurtosis, Two-asset portfolio, Three-asset portfolio, Microeconomics, Simple Interest, Effective Rate, Future Value of Ordinary Annuities, Annuities Due, Present Value of Ordinary Annuities, Allocative Efficiency Condition, Average Fixed Cost; Macroeconomics Investment, Aggregate Expenditure Without Government or Foreign Sectors, Marginal Propensity to Consume MPC, Marginal Propensity Save MPS, Sum of Marginal Propensity to Save and Marginal Propensity to Consume, Autonomous Spending Multiplier, Balanced Budget Multiplier, Banks Reserve Ratio, Nominal Interest Rate, Real GDP, Real Interest Rate, Tax Multiplier, Unemployment Rate. FINANCIAL REPORTING and ANALYSIS, Basic EPS, Diluted EPS, Balance Sheet, Free Cash Flow to the Firm, Cash Flow Performance Ratio, Cash Flow To Revenue Ratio, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Equity, Activity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, Days of Inventory On Hand (DOH), Receivables Turnover, Days of Sales Outstanding, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations and formula sheet of CFA Level II exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code. Topics include QUANTITATIVE METHODS, such as LINEAR REGRESSION, MULTIPLE REGRESSION, TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Machine Learning, ECONOMICS, Exchange rate, Covered interest rate parity, Uncovered interest rate parity, Relative purchasing power parity, Fisher and international Fisher effects, FX carry trade, Mundell-Fleming model, ECONOMIC GROWTH, Growth accounting equation, Labor productivity growth accounting equation, Classical growth model (Malthusian model), Neoclassical growth model (Solow’s model), Endogenous growth model, Convergence, ECONOMICS OF REGULATION. The data source of this blog is summarized from WILEY’S CFA PROGRAM LEVEL II quicksheet.

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Chase" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Skye" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

The 20 useful tricks to tell if Hermes bags are real or fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Hermes bags, including Birkin, Kelly, Evelyne, Constance, etc. You can also visit the official website of Hermes and compare apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of luxury Hermes bags. The easiest way to tell if a Hermes bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the printing of Hermes logo letters on the bags, granularity of letters on the leathers, the appearance of metal zipper, the letters carved on the metal parts, the logo printed on the dust bags, the stitches on the hands of bags, etc.

How to tell if Gucci bags are real or fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Cucci bags, including Lophidia, Dionysus, GG Marmont, Supreme & Retro, etc. You can also visit the official website of Gucci and apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of luxury Gucci bags. The easiest way to tell if a Gucci bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the serial number on the leather plate, the shape of trademark and letters of Gucci Logo on the bags, the appearance of metal zipper, the double-G metal logo in the front, the washing labels, the metal button, etc.

The 20 useful tricks about how to tell if Dior bags are real or fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Dior bags, including Dior Book Tote, Saddle Bags with Strap, 30 Montaigne East-West Bag with Chain, Small/Medium/Large Dior Toujours Bags, D-Vibe Bowling Bags, Lady Dior Bags, Lady D-Sire My ABCDior Bags, etc. You can also visit the official website of Dior (https://www.dior.com) and apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of luxury Dior bags. The easiest way to tell if a Dior bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the "Christian Dior" logo on the leather plate, the appearance of metal zipper, inner corner of the large logo 'D', the serial numbers on the leather plate, the abbreviation of "CD" on the metal part, and the accessories on Dior bags.

The 20 useful tricks to tell if Prada Bags are Real or Fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Prada bags, including Prada Re-Edition, Leather Handbag, Leather Tote Bag, Wicker and leather Prada Arque bag, Crochet tote bag, Prada Arqué crochet shoulder bag, Prada Buckle medium leather handbag with belt, Prada Re-Edition 1978, Prada Galleria Saffiano Leather Bag, etc. You can also visit the official website of Prada (https://www.prada.com) and apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of luxury Prada bags. The easiest way to tell if a Prada bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the letters of Prada logo, the letters of

The 20 useful tricks to tell if Coach Bags are Real or Fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Coach bags, including COACH RACHEL PHONE CROSSBODY BAG, COACH REVERSIBLE CITY TOTE BAG, COACH PRAIRIE SATCHEL BAG, COACH MARLON HOBO BAG, COACH DREAMER IN COLORBLOCK WITH WHIPSTITCH BAG, COACH DRAWSTRING CARRYALL BAG, COACH TOWN BUCKET BAG, COACH ROWAN SATCHEL BAG, COACH Mollie Bucket Bag, COACH Val Duffle BAG, COACH Gallery Tote BAG, COACH Mini Klare CROSSBODY BAG, etc. You can also visit the official website of Coach (https://www.coach.com) and apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of Coach bags. The easiest way to tell if a Coach bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the Coach logo and the sign of horse and carriage, the leather plate, the serial number and coach story patch, text on the washing labels and origin of manufacturing, metal zipper, and the paper tag with bar code, etc.

The 20 useful tricks to tell if Fendi Bags are Real or Fake. This guidance is applied to most lines of Fendi bags, including FF Raffia Crochet Shopper, Reversible Shopper in Pequin Striped, Baguette Pouch, Fendigraphy mini, Baguette Mini, Fendigraphy Mini, Mon Tresor, Baguette, Small Roll, By the Way Mini, Sunshine Small, C'mon Small, etc. You can also visit the official website of Fendi (https://www.fendi.com) and apply the information from this tutorial to help you check important details of the authentification of Fendi bags. The easiest way to tell if a Fendi bag is real or fake is to judge by its appearance. You can check the Fendi logo printed on the washing label, the RFID authentification chips, the letters printed on the leather patch, the shape of scissors on the Label, and the Double F Logo, etc.

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Chase" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Skye" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations of CFA Level I exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code, and provide Chatbot as AI Assistant to facilitate your reading. You can ask question like what is "Real GDP" in the chatbox. Topics in the blog include three major parts of CFA Level I exam: QUANTITATIVE, ECONOMICS and FINANCIAL REPORTING. Detailed topics include THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY, Future Value, Present Value, Effective Annual Rate, Continuous Compounding, Ordinary Annuity, Annuity Due, Perpetuity, STATISTICAL CONCEPT AND MARKET RETURNS, Fisher Skewness, Kurtosis, Two-asset portfolio, Three-asset portfolio, Microeconomics, Simple Interest, Effective Rate, Future Value of Ordinary Annuities, Annuities Due, Present Value of Ordinary Annuities, Allocative Efficiency Condition, Average Fixed Cost; Macroeconomics Investment, Aggregate Expenditure Without Government or Foreign Sectors, Marginal Propensity to Consume MPC, Marginal Propensity Save MPS, Sum of Marginal Propensity to Save and Marginal Propensity to Consume, Autonomous Spending Multiplier, Balanced Budget Multiplier, Banks Reserve Ratio, Nominal Interest Rate, Real GDP, Real Interest Rate, Tax Multiplier, Unemployment Rate. FINANCIAL REPORTING and ANALYSIS, Basic EPS, Diluted EPS, Balance Sheet, Free Cash Flow to the Firm, Cash Flow Performance Ratio, Cash Flow To Revenue Ratio, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Assets, Cash Return On Equity, Activity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, Days of Inventory On Hand (DOH), Receivables Turnover, Days of Sales Outstanding, etc.

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Chase" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

Hi parents and kids, this free online AI course "Use generative AI to Draw Paw Patrol Dog Skye" will gives your K12 kids a brief introduction to what is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, what can AI accomplish (such as AI Generated Contents converting text to image, Chatbots giving automatic response), and how does AI work in the easiest way that even K12 children can understand. This course covers some fundamental concepts of AI, including what neural networks is, what's the most popular neural network blocks of AI models (Transformers, Diffusion, etc.). Finally, kids can also participate by interacting with the AI during the course, by clicking the image or text with 'robot' icon or button, and get more detailed explanation, type a query or ask question using microphone by themselves, and accomplish the task of generating a picture of unique Paw Patrol Dogs and get the trophy. This course will takes around 20 minutes to complete. And all the interactive learning sessions in the course are designed by experienced children-education professionals. Let's get started!

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code for equations and formula sheet of CFA Level II exam, Formula Sheet Equations and Latex Code. Topics include QUANTITATIVE METHODS, such as LINEAR REGRESSION, MULTIPLE REGRESSION, TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Machine Learning, ECONOMICS, Exchange rate, Covered interest rate parity, Uncovered interest rate parity, Relative purchasing power parity, Fisher and international Fisher effects, FX carry trade, Mundell-Fleming model, ECONOMIC GROWTH, Growth accounting equation, Labor productivity growth accounting equation, Classical growth model (Malthusian model), Neoclassical growth model (Solow’s model), Endogenous growth model, Convergence, ECONOMICS OF REGULATION. The data source of this blog is summarized from WILEY’S CFA PROGRAM LEVEL II quicksheet.

We are witnessing great success in recent development of generative Artificial Intelligence in many fields, such as AI assistant, Chatbot, AI Writer. Among all the AI native products, AI Search Engine such as Perplexity, Gemini and SearchGPT are most attrative to website owners, bloggers and web content publishers. AI Search Engine is a new tool to provide answers directly to users' questions (queries). In this blog, we will give some brief introduction to basic concepts of AI Search Engine, including Large Language Models (LLM), Retrieval-Augmented Generation(RAG), Citations and Sources. Then we will highlight some majors differences between traditional Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and Generative Engine Optimization(GEO). And then we will cover some latest research and strategies to help website owners or content publishers to better optimize their content in Generative AI Search Engines.

In this blog, we will give you a brief introduction of how to contribute to the "tencent" python package third party APIs and help developers integrate future tencent product and services API easier, such as backend for "Wechat public account Automatic Reply". The guidelines are also listed and any violation of the guidelines will not be accepted in the MR request of Github.

In this blog, we will give you a brief introduction of most recent progress in On-Device Recommendation (Edge Recommendation) in real-world applications. Mobile AI systems and applications have been more popular due to increasing number of mobile devices and technology developments in deep learning based methods, e.g. model compression, distillation and so on. In recent years, on-device recommendations have enpowered many Mobile Apps to better respond to users' most real-time behaviors on mobile deivces, including clicks, scroll-donwns, likes, and many others. We will introduce three applications, including EdgeRec in Taobao, searchbar background words reranking in Alipay, search result reranking in Meituan-Dianping, short-video recommendation in KuaiShou, TfLite Implementation of Tensorflow, etc.

In this blog, we will summarize the latex code of equations for Diffusion Models, which are among the top-performing generative models, including GAN, VAE and flow-based models. The basic idea of diffusion models are to inject random noise to the feature vector in the forward process as markov chain models, and in the reverse process gradualy reconstruct the feature vector for generation. See below blogpost as reference for more details: Weng, Lilian. (Jul 2021). What are diffusion models? Lilâ??Log. lilianweng.github.io/posts/2021-07-11-diffusion-models/